What does 'preen' refer to?

The term 'preen' specifically refers to the behavior of birds when they use their beaks to smooth and clean their feathers. This process is essential for maintaining the integrity of the feathers, as it helps to remove dirt and parasites, as well as to redistribute oils that keep feathers waterproof and help them retain their structure. Preening also plays a role in social bonding among birds, showcasing grooming behaviors that can strengthen relationships within flocks.

Other options, while they describe various actions, do not capture the unique behavior associated with the care of feathers in birds. Understanding the context of 'preen' within avian biology emphasizes its importance in both the physical health of birds and their social interactions.